Welcome to Land
of Maratha Warriors - Maharashtra. A land whose size and diversity will
stun you. Enjoy the mountains that stretch out into the mists as far as
the eye can see, innumerous forts that stand proud and strong. scores of
temples sculpted into and out of basalt rock. Diverse and colorful
cultures, woven into one gigantic quilt. Festivals that galvanize the
sleepy thousands into fervent motion. Miles of silver, white beaches,
stretched taut and inviting over the entire coast. Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra, which derives its name from the Goddess Mumba Devi.
From the middle of the 17th century, a new group of warrior people came to dominate the scene in Maharashtra and elsewhere in India called Marathas. Shivaji was the first great ruler of Marathas and it was he who paved the way for future Maratha influence on India.
Mumbai (Bombay)
Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) Political capital
of Maharashtra,
and
commercial capital of India, Mumbai is many cities in one. As the
world's largest textiles market, a major industrial centre and the
country's busiest port handling over 40 percent of India's maritime
trade, it contributes around 50 percent of the national exchequer. The
city hums with activity, and its more than eight million residents and
three million commuters seem to be constantly on the move. Natural
increase and steady rural migration have quadrupled Bombay's
population over the last 40 years. The original island of Bombay
consolidating a number of earlier islands-is only 24 kilometers (15
miles) long and some four kilometers (2.5 miles) wide at its broadest
point, and has a population density of over 43,000 persons per square
kilometer (100,000 per square mile), amongst the highest in the world.
Pavement dwellers and slums coexist with modem skyscrapers and
gracious colonial buildings, obsolete textile mills with impressive
modem factories, Christian churches with Hindu temples in a medley of
contradictions that makes Mumbai a product of the Indian past that
holds the key to the present and the future. Perhaps the appropriate
place to begin exploring Bombay's colonial legacy is the Gateway of
India. Built to commemorate the royal visit of George V and Queen Mary
in 1911 but only completed in 1924, the gateway is a combination of
European and Indian ceremonial architecture. The last British troops
marched out through this gate when India became independent in 1947.
Today it is a favorite haunt of tourists.
Sight Seeing Places:
Chow patty Beach, Gateway Of India, Haji Ali Shrine, Flora Fountain
Square, Hanging Gardens, Crawford Market, Maha Lakshmi Temple, Marine Drive
- The Queens Necklance, Race Course, Raja Bhai Towers & Mumbai University, Victoria Terminus
Railway Station, Planetarium, Taraporewala Fish Acquarium , Prince Of Wales Museum.
Excursion Tour:
While Mumbai's
comparatively recent history means that there are no ancient or even
medieval monuments here, three excursions out of the city are steeped in
history. About an hour's ride away by motorboat from the basalt facade
of the Gateway lies Elephanta, a cave-temple shrine hewn out of solid
rock some time in the eighth century A.D. by the Rashtrakuta dynasty who
ruled the Deccan from 757 A.D. to 973 A.D. Probably intended as a
private place of worship for the ruling family, the exact date of its
construction will never be known. The island was plundered by the
Portuguese in the sixteenth century; they destroyed the plaque that bore
details of its history. It was the Portuguese who named the island after
the large stone elephant that guarded it; the original name is
Gharapuri, the fortress city. The elephant has since been shifted and
reassembled in the compound of the Bombay Zoo, as guides are quick to
point out. The caves represent what is probably the last examples of the
golden age of art that flourished in the Gupta period, even though it
dates from after that time. Though not as impressive in scale as Ellora,
the Elephanta caves are unsurpassed in terms of beauty and eloquence.
The Siva Temple originally had three entrances, giving it a cruciform
shape; the play of light is constant. The inner sanctuary, beyond the
realm of images, has a plain and undimmed yoni lingam, the symbol of
strength and creativity. Amidst irregular pillars in the Dravidian
style, a celestial drama unfolds, the most dramatic of which are Ravana
shaking Mount Kailash and the marriage of Siva and Parvati. The
Trimurthi of Siva is the focal point.
Kanheri Caves an hour drive from Mumbai, are 109 Buddhist
caves dating from around the second to the ninth centuries A.D. Cave 3
is worth a visit, with its grand chaitya (prayer hall) and a long
colonnade of pillars.
Bassein on the coast north of Bombay, was once
a splendid Portuguese stronghold. Its magnificent fort, where only the
Hidalgos (aristocracy) lived, is now in ruins, though vestiges of
Portuguese glory still remain.
Pune (Poona)
Pune (Poona), 183 Kms
away can be reached by either train or road, flights also operate from
Mumbai. Former capital of the Marathas, Pune became an important
cantonment town under the British and is now a burgeoning industrial
city. The sights include the hilltop Parvati Temple; the 18th-century
Pataleshwar Temple cut out of a huge rock; Qamar Ali Darvesh, a Muslim
shrine with an interesting levitating rock; and Shinde Chhatri, (the
cenotaph of an important Maratha leader). The Raj Kelkar Museum
housing a huge private collection of unusual traditional arts is worth
a visit. Simhagad, Raigadh, Torna, Purandhar and Shivneri are some
Maratha forts within easy reach of Pune. The city is also a base for
excursions to the hill resorts at Panchgani, 90 kilometers and
Mahabeleshwar, 100 kilometers away. Although Pune, the historical
capital of the Marathas. is the logical beginning for any exploration
of Maharashtra state, the hill stations en route are charming
diversions. Lonavala and Khandala, on the crest of the Ghats on the
way to Pune, are best reached by train from Mumbai. Both retain a
certain old-world charm and offer a comparatively cool climate
conducive to long walks with marvelous views of the valleys below. The
Kalra Caves near Lonavala, built by Buddhist monks in the first
century AD, are also worth a visit. Several hilltop forts in the
region offer rewarding climbs and exciting panoramas.
Sigh Seeing Places:
Osho Ashram at Koregaon, Shaniwarwada, Saras Garden, Parvati Pahad, Raja Kelkar Museum, Shinde's Chhatri, Bund Garden, Kasturba Smarak etc.
Excursions:
Lonavala, Kalra Caves, Panchgani &
Mahabaleshwar.
Aurangabad - Ajanta & Ellora
Aurangabad was an important
seat of the Mughal Empire during the Mughal rule in India. The town holds a good
number of Mughal architectural marvels making it an important historical
destination of Maharashtra. The town is situated on the banks of the Kham River.
The medieval monuments and cultural heritage, the silk and cotton textiles and
its proximity to the famous world heritage sites of Ajanta and Ellora attract a
good number of tourists towards it every year. Though the city looks calm and
quiet with not much hum drum on the streets, it is an industrialized,
competitive city making its own mark on the tourist and industrial map of India.
It is also interesting to note that Aurangabad was formerly known as Khirki
(meaning window) because of its strategic position that provided a window view
of the Deccan plateau. Aurangabad is an offbeat destination in the state of
Maharashtra. It attracts attention of tourists because of its many famous
historical and religious architectural sites. It is true that Aurangabad is not
a green hilly destination, though it has a good number of gardens giving you a
comfortable stay in the town. Many tourists visit this place due to its
proximity to some of the world famous heritage sites of India. This has helped
in increasing the popularity of its locally produced traditional textiles and
handicraft items too. The Aurangabad caves and Bibi-Ka-Maqbara are the two must
visit architectural marvels among the many other structures of Mughal era in the
town.
Places of Interest:
Ajanta
Famous for its caves, Ajanta is one of the few historical and architectural
marvels
of India. Recognised as the World Heritage site today, it was discovered during
the 19th century by a group of British officers who were on a tiger hunt. The
Ajanta group of caves, located deep within the Sahyadri hills above the Waghora,
depict the story of Buddhism that prevailed here during 200 BC to 650 AD.
Daulatabad Fort
Daulatabad fort is located just 13 kilometres from Aurangabad en route Ellora.
Easily accessible from the major towns nearby, the fort was built during the
12th century. Due to its uncommon location on a pyramid shaped hill, this
impressive fortress attracts the attention of all. According to the locals here,
the Daulatabad fortress was earlier known as ’Devgiri’. It was built by king
Bhillama of Yadav dynasty. Later the name of the entire place was changed to
Daulatabad by Mohammed Bin Tughlaq, Sultan of Delhi. Apart from this, a 5 km
massive wall surrounding the fort, spiked gates of the fortress and the 30 metre
high Chand Minar built by the Bahmani rulers also attract a number of tourists
to this place every year.
Ellora
Ellora is one of the highly visited World heritage sites of India. Just
30
kilometers Northwest of Aurangabad, Ellora is easily accessible from the nearby
major towns. It houses 34 monasteries and temples with some exclusive
uninterrupted sequence of monuments that date back from 600 to 1000 AD. The
temples of Ellora are dedicated to Brahmanism, Jainism, and Buddhism. It also
has some of the excellent stonework depicting the legends related to Lord Shiva.
Shirdi
Approximately 144 kilometers from Aurangabad, Shirdi is a tourist
destination considered holy by the Hindus. A large number of tourists come here
all through the year to visit the shrine of Sidhi Sai Baba. Moreover, there are
some more holy shrines closely related to Sai Baba here. Easily accessible from
the nearby towns, Shirdi is an important excursion destination from Aurangabad.
Mahableshwar
Not far from Pune and Mumbai lies the Hill Station of Mahableshwar, the only
hill station in Maharashtra located at an altitude of 1372 meters.
Mahabaleshwar is a popular
holiday resort and honeymoon destination especially for people in Pune & Mumbai
due to its close proximity from these cities, and an important pilgrimage site
for Hindus. It is the site of Mahabaleshwar Temple. After the construction of a
new express way, it is only a five hour drive from Mumbai. Mahabaleshwar is also
known for the honey and strawberries produced here. One can visit strawberry
farms to enjoy the real flavor of the fruit. It is said that the climate of
Mahabaleshwar is ideal for strawberries and mulberries. Venna lake is one of the
major tourist attractions of Mahabaleshwar. The lake is surrounded by trees on
all sides. Tourists can enjoy a boat ride over the lake or a horse ride next to
the lake. A number of small eateries line the banks of the lake.